Nano biotechnology is the application of nanotechnology in biological fields. Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that currently recruits approach, technology and facility available in conventional as well as advanced avenues of engineering, physics, chemistry and biology. Nanotechnology is a novel scientific approach that involves materials and equipments capable of manipulating physical as well as chemical properties of a substance at molecular levels. On the other hand, biotechnology uses the knowledge and techniques of biology to manipulate molecular, genetic and cellular processes to develop products and services and is used in diverse fields from medicine to agriculture. Nano biotechnology is considered to be the unique fusion of biotechnology and nanotechnology by which classical micro-technology can be merged to a molecular biological approach in real.

 Through this methodology, atomic or molecular grade machines can be made by mimicking or incorporating biological systems, or by building tiny tools to study or modulate diverse properties of a biological system on molecular basis. Nanobiotechnology may, therefore, ease many avenues of life sciences by integrating cutting-edge applications of information technology & nanotechnology into contemporary biological issues. This technology has potential to remove obvious boundaries between biology, physics and chemistry to some extent, and shape up our current ideas and understanding. For this reason, many new challenges and directions may also arise in education, research & diagnostics in parallel by the extensive use of nanobiotechnology with the passage of time whose least functional make up is on a nanometer scale. Generally, nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or other structures possessing at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. Meanwhile, Biotechnology deals with metabolic and other physiological processes of biological subjects including microorganisms. Association of these two technologies, i.e. nanobiotechnology can play a vital role in developing and implementing many useful tools in the study of life.

Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to investigating whether we can directly control matters on/in the atomic scale/level. This idea entails the application of fields of science as diverse as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, micro fabrication, etc. The pathophysiological conditions and anatomical changes of diseased or inflamed tissues can potentially trigger a great deal of scopes for the development of various targeted nanotechnological products. This development is like to be advantageous in the following ways: Drug targeting can be achieved by taking advantage of the distinct pathophysiological features of diseased tissues. Various nanoproducts can be accumulated at higher concentrations than normal drugs.  Increased vascular permeability coupled with an impaired lymphatic drainage in tumors improves the effect of the nanosystems in the tumors or inflamed tissues through better transmission and retention. Nanosystems have capacity of selective localization in inflammed tissues. Nanoparticles can be effectively used to deliver/transport relevant drugs to the brain overcoming the presence of blood–brain barrier (meninges). Drug loading onto nanoparticles modifies cell and tissue distribution and leads to a more selective delivery of biologically active compounds to enhance drug efficacy and reduces drug toxicity.

Best Regards,
Nicola B
Editorial Manager
Journal of Biochemistry & Biotechnology