Calciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriolopathy, is a rare but serious condition that affects individuals with chronic kidney disease. It is a type of skin and soft tissue necrosis caused by the deposition of calcium in small blood vessels, leading to tissue damage and subsequent skin ulcerations. The exact cause of calciphylaxis is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to a combination of factors including altered calcium and phosphate metabolism, elevated parathyroid hormone levels, and oxidative stress. These factors can lead to the formation of calcium deposits in small blood vessels, impairing blood flow and causing tissue damage. Calciphylaxis typically presents with painful, purplish-red lesions on the skin that progress to form painful ulcers. The lesions are often located on the lower extremities, but can also occur on the trunk, arms, and face. The ulcers can be slow to heal and may become infected, leading to a risk of sepsis and potentially life-threatening complications. Diagnosis of calciphylaxis is usually made through a combination of clinical examination and laboratory tests, including blood tests to evaluate calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone levels, as well as skin biopsies to confirm the presence of calcium deposits in blood vessels. Treatment of calciphylaxis can be challenging and typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including management of underlying chronic kidney disease, wound care, pain control, and infection management. Medications such as sodium thiosulfate and bisphosphonates may also be used to help reduce the formation of calcium deposits and improve wound healing. Prevention of calciphylaxis is focused on managing chronic kidney disease and maintaining normal levels of calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone. This may involve dietary changes, medications, and dialysis as needed. In conclusion, calciphylaxis is a rare but serious condition that can cause significant morbidity and mortality in individuals with chronic kidney disease. Early recognition and prompt management are key to improving outcomes for affected individuals. If you are concerned about calciphylaxis or have any questions about your kidney health, please speak with your healthcare provider.